Real-Time Analysis of Exhaled Breath Using SIFT-MS for Biomarker & Disease Identification

Authors: Kseniya Dryahina, David Smith, Veronika Pospíšilová, Kristýna Sovová, Violetta Shestivska, Martin Bortlík, Naděžda Machková, Milan Lukáš, Jiří Kubišta, Anatolii Spesyvyi, František Pehal, Jarmila Turzíková, Jiří Votruba, Rohit Sinha, Khalida A. Lockman, Natalie Z.M. Homer, Edward Bower, Paul Brinkman, Hugo H. Knobel, Jonathan A. Fallowfield, Alan J. Jaap, Peter C. Hayes, John N. Plevris, R. Fernández del Río, M.E. O'Hara, A. Holt, P. Pemberton, T. Shah, T.Whitehouse, C.A.Mayhewa, and Patrik Španěl. 

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Abstract

SIFT-MS was used to identify and quantify potential biomarkers in exhaled breath for two different diseases as well as a range of liver damage conditions. The Tracer i3 (Syft Technologies, NZ) was used to evaluate pentane levels from individuals with inflammatory bowel disease, acetic acid levels from individuals with Gastro-Esophageal Reflux Disease (GERD), and limonene levels following ingestion of oral supplements for patients with liver damage. 

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Crohn's Disease & Ulcerative Colitis)

Patients suffering from Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis breathed into nalophan bags which were subsequently analyzed by SIFT-MS. Pentane levels were quantitatively measured using Selected Ion Monitoring (SIM) acquisition providing real time concentration levels. 

Gastro-Esophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

Direct breath from 22 patients suffering from GERD was analyzed for Acetic Acid levels using SIFT-MS against a healthy control group. 

Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD), Liver Fibrosis, Liver Cirrhosis

Direct breath analysis from individuals suffering from the above liver diseases was analyzed for limonene content before and after doage with limonene oral supplement.